Maharashtra GK in English || Maharashtra GK in Marathi || Maharashtra GK in Hindi
Formation and Geography
Maharashtra was officially formed on May 1, 1960, after the linguistic reorganization of the former Bombay state, creating a state primarily for Marathi-speaking people. It is situated on the western peninsular region of India, with a triangular shape featuring a 450-mile western coastline along the Arabian Sea. The state shares borders with Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa, and the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Maharashtra’s terrain is mostly a plateau known as the Deccan Plateau, bordered by the Western Ghats mountain range (Sahyadri Range) along the coast, which is a prominent geographic feature.
Historical Significance
The history of Maharashtra dates back to ancient times with notable empires such as the Satavahanas (circa 230 BCE), Mauryas, and the Chalukya dynasty. The region was also part of the Maratha Empire founded by Shivaji in the 17th century, which expanded under the Peshwas from Pune. Maharashtra played a key role in India’s freedom struggle and was home to famous leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi, with the latter’s Sevagram as an important center during the independence movement.
Economy and Culture
Maharashtra is the most industrialized and economically developed state in India, with Mumbai as its capital serving as the financial and commercial capital of the country. It has the largest economy among Indian states with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹31.97 trillion. The state’s culture is vibrant, marked by festivals, music, dance, and Bollywood cinema—India’s largest film industry. Additionally, Maharashtra is famous for UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the Ajanta and Ellora caves, reflecting its rich ancient cultural heritage.
Key Facts
Population: Over 112 million (2011 census).
Area: Approximately 307,713 sq km, making it the third-largest state by area.
Major rivers: Krishna, Godavari, Tapi.
Regional divisions: Konkan (coastal), Khandesh (north), Desh (central), Marathwada (southeast), Vidarbha (east).
Marathi is the predominant language.
Important cities: Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad.
